Model 204 Principles of Operation & Applications


Model 204 – Sample Transfer Stripper ™ (STS) Patented
Measure Volatile Hydrocarbons in Water
VOC in Water - Model 204-V or Oil in Water Model - 204-O



PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION:

SampleTransferStripperTMdiagram

Click for a diagram

The ASI KECO Series 204 incorporates basic principles covered by patents and patents pending based on letters available upon request.

A liquid or gas sample is allowed to continuously flow past one side of a non-selective permeable membrane while a carrier gas, hydrocarbon-free air, continuously flows past the other side of the membrane. Sample components permeate the membrane and are swept away to make a mixture of gases suitable for analysis. An exclusive & patented liquid Validation System is available as an option.

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) has designated the Model 204 as “Best Available Control Technology” and “Equivalency” for continuous monitoring of cooling tower waste water applications. In addition, Shell Global has awarded us Preferred Vendor.

FEATURES:

Save
On lab analysis costs, unattended online analysis

Safe
Purge option for explosion proof rating

Economical
Payout within days by preventing lost product. Losses of 12,000 pounds per day are caused by leaks

Low maintenance
Less than 5% of the service time for sparger or TOC analyzers

Built-in Liquid calibrator
Liquid Permeation tube or Microinject™ type, manual or auto timer type

Accurate
Grab samples for the lab deteriorate with time, VOC/Oil escape during sampling

Accessories
Motorized spin clean filter and carrier purifier. A probe can be inserted in a line carrying plastic pellets

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

Hydrocarbon VOC in Water - Model 204-V:

Hydrocarbons in Cooling Tower Water

Leaks of hydrocarbons from heat exchangers can emit large quantities of Volatile Organic Carbons (VOC). This can be a hazard from a flammability standpoint as well as cause emissions into the atmosphere. On-line continuous monitoring can pay for an analyzer in a short time by warning of corrosion leaks. Savings in lost product and laboratory time can be substantial.

Hydrocarbons in Wastewater

Where the dissolved hydrocarbon or oil content could be PPBw, PPMw, or at saturation levels, Model 204 easily provides continuous measurement online. This includes current applications for wastewater effluent monitoring.

Leaks from Heat Exchangers

Monitoring for hydrocarbon in cooling water or condensate allows the earliest warning of developing leaks. Maintenance can be scheduled in advance of costly equipment failure when leakage rate data is used for forecasting purposes. Boiler feed water monitoring for hydrocarbon, from heat exchangers can prevent power generation equipment damage.

Storm Runoff Water
It is required by the U.S. EPA that all storm water runoff be monitored

Ground water recovery sites
Includes fuel storage and transformer sites.

Boiler condensate and power plant cooling water reclaiming systems
Including integral oil coolers.

Intake monitoring for Desalination plants

Water discharge in municipal water treatment systems
Oily water or grease discharges in excess of 15 parts per million(ppm) is not allowed or surcharged in most municipal water systems.

Engine cooling water
Engine damage can be caused by oil in engine cooling water.

Effluent monitoring
After an oil-water separator.

Oil in Water - Model 204-

Bilge water discharge monitoring
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) requires all ships over 400 gross tons to monitor bilge water discharges and are limited by 15 ppm. The Canadian Coast Guard limits discharge concentration at 5 ppm. [The Model 204 can be prepared for caustic water samples including chlorine and seawater service.]

Oil in Wastewater

Where the dissolved oil or hydrocarbon content could be PPBw, PPMw, or at saturation levels, Model 204 easily provides continuous measurement online.

Oil in produced water

The Model 204 can continuously monitor the discharge of produced water as required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA requires that produced water discharge must contain a concentration of less than 29 ppm oil and less than 42 ppm grease for a 30 day average and daily maximum.

Oil in Cooling Water and Holding Ponds

Equipment leaks, spills, and drainage run-offs can cause build-up of hydrocarbon in the water. The Model 204 can give a continuous online indication of the volatile organic carbon (VOC) / oil contained in these waters.

Fuels in Storm Runoff Water
It is required by the U.S. EPA that all storm water runoff be monitored. The Model 204 can continuously detect fuel in water at a concentration 1 ppm or better, including as dissolved hydrocarbons.

Phenol in water

The Model 204 can continuously monitor the cooling water to detect a leak and prevent a discharge violation

Hydroelectric dam sumps

Drain systems for fuel oil storage tank area
Includes hydro-carbon storage facilities.

Ground water recovery sites
Includes fuel storage and transformer sites.

Boiler condensate and power plant cooling water reclaiming systems
Including integral oil coolers.

Intake monitoring for Desalination plants
Water discharge in municipal water treatment systems
Oily water or grease discharges in excess of 15 parts per million(ppm) is not allowed or surcharged in most municipal water systems.

Engine cooling water
Engine damage can be caused by oil in engine cooling water.

Effluent monitoring
After an oil-water separator.

* Measurement of Volatile H/C's from Hydrocarbon Gas Streams, Hydrocarbon Liquid Streams, Aromatics, Alcohols, oils, and Paraffins in Water Streams. For many of these applications, a readout able to identify hydrocarbons is required such as a GC.

HYDROCARBONS IN COOLING TOWER WATER

Leaks of hydrocarbons from heat exchangers can emit large quantities of Volatile Organic Carbons (VOC). This can be a hazard from a flammability standpoint as well as cause emissions into the atmosphere. 99.9 to 100% of VOC are stripped to the atmosphere in cooling towers and have been found to be 12,576 pounds per day from a single exchanger. On-line continuous monitoring can pay for an analyzer in a short time by warning of corrosion leaks. Savings in lost product and laboratory time can be substantial.

Hydrocarbon in Cooling Water

Chemical
Saturation
in Water
PPMw
Headspace
Concen.
%
Lower
Explosive
Limit in %
PPMw in
Water for
Lower
Explosion
Limit

Benzene
700
11.1
1.35
85

Propylene
762
100
2.00
15

Hexane
140
19.7
1.25
9

Propane
120
100
2.2
2.6

Fortunately, airflow through a cooling tower dilutes the hydrocarbon, allowing higher concentrations than shown on the right column before the cooling tower catches fire.

A typical cooling tower with 10 PPM by weight hydrocarbon content will emit 15,000 lbs./day lost product.

ETHYLENE & PROPYLENE PLANTS
ASI / KECO INSTRUMENT APPLICATIONS USING
SAMPLE TRANSFER STRIPPER™


TYPICAL INSTALLATIONS MODEL 204,
APPROVED BY TNRCC FOR REPORTING.


1. MEASURE HYDROCARBONS IN


COOLING WATER.

RANGING: 0 to 10 PPB or PPM to saturation

MEASURES: Volatile Organic Carbon (VOC) in water. Any hydrocarbon having a hydrogen carbon bond to molecular weights of several hundred.

READ-OUT: GC if there is need to identify hydrocarbon. Solid state sensor to measure total VOC or when hydrocarbon is known. Mass Spectrometer.

MEASURING POINT: Cooling tower, a group of heat exchangers, steam condensate. Can be used to calculate emission rates or prevent loss of product.


2. CLEAN-UP OF CONTAMINATED


WATER, MEASURE INPUT AND
OUTPUT VOC

STEAM STRIPPER: Measure VOC at input and output control steam required & save fuel costs or to regulate maximum through output

CARBON BED STRIPPER: Same as above

BIOLOGICAL PROCESS: Regulate additives, oxygen required, output rate.


3. PELETIZED PLASTIC PRODUCTS:



Use Model 204 with membrane probe to measure hydrocarbons and/or oxygen in process pipes, for nitrogen or steam drive. Use to report emission rates or warn of hazardous concentrations. Sample can be brought to the analyzer rather than use a probe. A 2" gate or ball valve can be used to insert and withdraw a probe.

Calibration methods: Permeation tubes can be used to generate PPM or PPB samples to validate analyzer response. A liquid or gas trace can be fed into a liquid or gas stream. Alternatively, ASI / KECO can supply its proprietary Microinjector™ method to directly inject trace liquids or water saturated with propylene, for example, to make PPM or PPB calibration standards.

Low maintenance: Membrane Sample Transfer™ for sampling radically reduces maintenance for GC, MS, IR, UV and solid state analyzers. The clean, dry sample can pay for the sample preparation system by lowering maintenance time and cost.